Diseases caused by skin ectoparasites are common in our veterinary dermatology patients. Parasites may be part of the normal flora on the dog or cat, yet proliferate and cause skin disease under certain conditions. In addition, ectoparasites may be acquired by contact with other animals or contaminated environments.
Ectoparasites
Mites, fleas, and ticks may impact pet wellness. Sarcoptic mange causes severe itch, demodectic mange causes widespread hair loss, and flea bite hypersensitivity is an allergic itch condition caused by the bite of a flea in sensitized animals. Both fleas and ticks have the capacity to transmit infectious diseases that can be harmful and cause systemic disease in both humans and animals.
Signs of ectoparasitism in pets may include itchy skin and scratching, skin sores, bumps and scabs, skin scaling/dandruff, or black dots on skin. Redness as a result of inflammation and hair loss or a dull coat is common as well.
Most ectoparasites can be treated and/or prevented by use of appropriately applied or administered products. Some treatments require careful monitoring under the direct supervision of your veterinarian. If you think your pet has a problem caused directly or indirectly by ectoparasites, consult your veterinarian for treatment and prevention strategies.
Protect Pets from Parasites
- Check ears for mites regularly
- Check for ticks after outdoor activities or when your outdoor pet returns indoors
- Clean your pet’s sleeping area frequently
- Keep your pets out of long grass
- Limit exposure to other dogs and cats who may be carrying parasites
- Make sure your living areas are free of parasites
Prevention
No single product will kill or prevent all parasites, but there are a number of different products with effective active ingredients that will eliminate infestations and consequently help treat the symptoms caused by ectoparasites. Remember that prevention of ectoparasitism is key. We recommend that all of our patients be treated year-round with products effective against fleas and ticks.
Consult your primary veterinarian for a diagnosis and treatment recommendation for your pet’s specific condition and ask for a referral to a veterinary dermatologist if needed.